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LCD, LED, OLED, QLED - Confused? Understand them all in one go!

2021-08-23

LCD, LED, OLED, QLED: Confused? Understand them all in one reading!

Intelligent Commercial Display Empowerment, Vanguard Intelligent Advertising MachineToday

Article Source: Knowledge Cool

We often see LCD, LED, OLED,QLEDAlthough only a letter difference, but the difference is huge! Today, I will explain in detail.

LCD

LCD is the full name of Liquid Crystal DisplayThere are several types of LCD screens, mainly TFT, UFB, TFD, STN, etc.

The structure of an LCD is to place a liquid crystal cell between two parallel glass substrates. A TFT (thin-film transistor) is set on the lower substrate glass, and a color filter is set on the upper substrate glass. The rotation direction of the liquid crystal molecules is controlled by changing the signal and voltage on the TFT, thereby controlling whether the polarized light of each pixel is emitted to achieve the display purpose.

LCD is a substance between solid and liquid states, and it cannot emit light by itself. It needs an additional light source. Therefore, the number of tubes affects the brightness of the LCD.

LED

LED (Light-emitting diode) screen. In fact, the images of these displays are still generated by liquid crystal, and the light-emitting diode is only used as a light source. Technically, it is still an LCD display, or an LED-backlit LCD TV.

LED screen LCD TVs have advantages such as small size, low power consumption, long life, low cost, high brightness, wide viewing angle, and high refresh rate. However, the disadvantages are that the color performance is relatively poor, especially in the folded parts of the LCD screen, the color deviation is more obvious.

OLED

OLED (Organic Light-Emitting Diode). Although it only differs from LED by one letter, it actually describes completely different things.

We all know that the LCD panel emits light through a backlight source and produces various colors through the refraction of liquid crystal molecules. Liquid crystal molecules themselves cannot emit light, while LED only refers to the backlight source.

OLED can emit light by itself, so it does not need a backlight source. LED uses metallic materials, while OLED uses organic materials. It can emit light on its own without light irradiation, and has better contrast. The LED used usually needs backlight irradiation to see things.

Currently, the materials used for light-emitting diodes are all inorganic semiconductor materials, which are difficult to apply to large-area components with high resolution (EX: screens). To solve these problems, new organic semiconductor materials (i.e., materials containing hydrocarbons) are needed. Coating it on conductive glass and applying current can emit light of various wavelengths.

QLED

QLED is the abbreviation of Quantum Dot Light Emitting Diodes, which is a self-luminous technology that does not require an additional light source.

Quantum dots are extremely small semiconductor nanocrystals that are invisible to the naked eye, with a particle size of less than 10 nanometers. Quantum dots have a unique property: whenever stimulated by light or electricity, they emit colored light. The color of the light is determined by the constituent materials and size and shape of the quantum dots. Its frequency can be precisely adjusted by changing the size, shape, and material of the quantum dots, thereby achieving various applications.

The structure of QLED is very similar to OLED technology, the main difference is that the light emitting center of QLED is composed of quantum dot (Quantum dots) material. Its structure is that electrons and holes converge in the quantum dot layer to form photons (Exciton), and light is emitted through the recombination of photons.

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